-Tir. 


Sc/200/  Ajv/Mea/crT^e 


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^atTst  the 

Date  stamped  below. 


I JiOV  iTT954 

JAN3 


0 5 S9S 
APR  0 4 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2016 


https://archive.org/details/schoolarchitectu00oreg_0 


ISSUED  BY  OREGO^N  SUPERINTENDENT  OF  PUBlTc  INSTRUCTION 

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SCHOOL  ARCHITECTURE 

ONE-,  TWO-,  THREE-  AND  FOUR-ROOM 

SCHOOL  BUILDINGS 


ISSUED  BY 
J.  A.  CHURCHILL 
SUPERINTENDENT  OP 
PUBLIC  INSTRUCTION 


DEPARTMENT  OF  EDUCATION 
STATE  OF  OREGON 


J.  A.  CHURCHILL 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction 

E.  F.  CARLETON  FRANK  K.  WELLES 

Assistant  State  Superintendent  Assistant  State  Superintendent 


Field  Workers  Industrial  Fairs 

N.  C.  MARIS 
L.  P.  HARRINGTON 


INTRODUCTORY 


In  preparing  this  pamphlet,  we  asked  for  and  received 
the  assistance  of  the  Oregon  Chapter  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Architects ; the  Department  of  Art  and  Archi- 
^ tecture  of  the  Oregon  Agricultural  College;  and  the 
— Department  of  Architecture  of  the  University  of  Oregon. 
.^'I’he  Oregon  Chapter  of  the  American  Institute  of  Architects 
"^conducted  a competition  in  which  all  of  the  architects 
fvj  throughout  the  State  were  invited  to  participate.  We  are 
indebted  to  Mr.  Chester  J.  Hogue  of  Portland,  chairman  of 
the  Competition  Committee,  for  conducting  this  competition. 
The  details  required  a large  amount  of  time  and  work  and 
Mr.  Hogue  has  rendered  a valuable  service  to  the  State. 
The  plans  receiving  the  awards  of  the  committee  are  pub- 
lished in  Group  A of  this  pamphlet,  pages  13-29. 

Plans  for  rural  school  buildings,  including  rooms  for 
vocational  work,  were  prepared  by  the  Department  of  Art 
and  Architecture  of  the  Oregon  Agricultural  College,  under 
the  direction  of  Mr.  L.  Eugene  Robinson,  Professor  of  Rural 
Architecture.  These  plans  are  published  in  Group  B, 
pages  30-41. 

The  plans  in  Group  C were  prepared  by  the  Department 
of  Architecture  of  the  University  of  Oregon,  under  the 
direction  of  Mr.  Ellis  F.  Lawrence.  Blue  prints  of  the 
working  plans  for  any  building  in  Group  A or  C will  be 
sent  to  any  board  of  directors  upon  application  to  this 
department.  To  Mr.  W.  C.  Knighton,  architect,  Portland, 
Oregon,  we  are  indebted  for  preparing  the  specifications. 


They  are  made  very  general  so  that  they  may  be  adapted 
to  the  peculiar  needs  of  any  community. 

Owing  to  the  interest  aroused  through  the  Oregon  plan 
of  standardizing  the  rural  schools,  very  many  districts  are 
building  new  schoolhouses,  or  improving  their  old  ones. 
This  department  receives  letters  daily  from  school  officials 
requesting  plans  and  suggestions  for  school  buildings.  In 
this  bulletin  we  present  a number  of  different  types  of 
architecture  in  order  that  there  may  not  be  a tiresome  same- 
ness in  our  Oregon  buildings.  Enough  in  the  way  of  plans 
and  suggestions  are  given  for  the  one-room  building,  so  that 
the  school  board  will  not  find  it  necessary  to  employ  an 
architect.  If  a larger  building  than  a one-room  schoolhouse 
is  to  be  constructed  a competent  architect  should  be 
employed. 

Through  the  plans  submitted  in  this  pamphlet,  we  hope 
to  have  throughout  the  State  of  Oregon  within  a compara- 
tively short  number  of  years  a type  of  rural  school  building 
which  shall  be  noted  for  its  beauty  of  architecture,  and  the 
utility  of  its  floor  plans  having  withal  an  ample  and  well- 
equipped  playground.  It  will  add  very  little  to  the  cost 
of  a school  building  to  have  it  attractive,  well  lighted, 
properly  heated  and  ventilated,  and  surrounded  by  a large 
and  well-kept  playground.  Sucli_a^  school  plant  will  be  a 
valuable  asset  to  any  community,  an'il  the  direct  benefit  to 
the  children  cannot  be  overestimated.  It  is  the  purpose 
of  this  bulletin  to  aid  school  boards  in  establishing  such 
conditions. 

J.  A.  CHURCHILL, 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction. 


Page  / hree 


RURAL  SCHOOL  BUILDINGS 

By  L.  Eugene  Robinson 

Professor  of  Rural  Architecture,  Oregon  Agricultural  College 

The  location  of  a country  schoolhouse  is  important. 
Convenience  for  the  greatest  number  of  children  comes  first, 
but  the  size  and  beauty  of  the  playground,  its  possibilities, 
sanitary  conditions  and  practicability  must  be  considered. 
Good  drainage  is  essential,  and  shade  trees,  walks,  fences 
and  flower  beds  give  to  the  building  an  atmosphere  con- 
ducive to  pleasurable  school  work. 

The  following  is  quoted  from  American  Schoolhouses : 

“I  know  of  no  class  of  public  buildings  deserving  of 
more  sincere  thoughtfulness  and  artistic  treatment  than 
those  school  buildings  designed  to  accommodate  our  children 
who  here  spend  a great  part  of  their  waking  hours  during 
their  early  years.  I know  of  no  better  opportunity  for  art 
leagues  to  express  themselves  for  civic  improvement  than 
by  setting  themselves  the  difficult  task  of  offering,  to  those 
who  have  charge  of  the  construction  of  our  country  school- 
houses,  artistic  and  well-adapted  plans  for  their  considera- 
tion. Such  plans  must  be  simple,  easily  followed  and  they 
must  call  for  materials  within  the  reach  of  local  markets 
or  conditions.  Country  schoolhouses  are,  in  the  main,  built 
by  ‘hatchet-and-saw’  carpenters  who  cannot  read  compli- 
cated drawings  or  follow  readily  the  usual  forms  of  specifi- 
cations. Proportion  in  such  buildings  is  almost  everything, 
and  to  secure  this  end  plans  ought  to  be  drawn  and  specifi- 
cations devised  so  explicitly  that  no  mistake  can  be  made. 
No  amount  of  interior  decoration  will  offset  the  bad  effect 
of  exterior  ugliness. 


J’agn  Four 


“If  country  people  are  inclined  to  be  careless  in  the 
appearance  of  their  schoolhouses  and  school  grounds,  and 
we  all  know  that  this  is  often  the  case,  it  becomes  a double 
duty  for  those  who  have  better  taste  to  exert  themselves  to 
place  before  them  better  models.  Real  beauty  is  not  expen- 
sive. The  best  things  are  in  reach  of  us  all.  Log  cabins 
can  be  built  as  satisfying  to  the  artistic  sense  as  palaces, 
indeed  frequently  more  so.  The  planning  of  the  one-story, 
one-room  country  schoolhouse  ought  to  demand,  and  will 
demand,  from  any  capable  and  conscientious  architect,  as 
painstaking  consideration  as  a large  city  school.  In  fact, 
it  seems  to  me  that  the  opportunity  for  the  development  and 
dissemination  of  taste  in  this,  the  central  agency  for  social 
and  aesthetic  improvement  in  the  country,  ought  to  appeal 
with  especial  interest  to  all  concerned.” 

No  matter  whether  a school  building  is  to  contain  one 
room  or  forty  rooms,  the  problems  of  lighting,  heating, 
ventilating,  seating  and  coat  rooms  are  very  much  the  same. 
It  is  probably  not  worth  while  to  discuss  these  here,  but 
each  is  solved  in  its  place  on  the  drawings. 

Rural  schools  should  provide  not  only  all  of  the  facilities 
for  general  education  but  also  facilities  for  social  gather- 
ings, domestic  science,  manual  training,  agricultural  experi- 
ment work  and  clay  modeling  as  a branch  of  art  work. 
As  a social  center  the  country  school  may  be  made  a great 
factor.  When  possible  an  assembly  room  should  be  provided 
or  several  class  rooms  be  so  made  that  they  may  be  thrown 
together  by  the  use  of  sliding  partitions.  Industrial  and 
cultural  education  should  go  hand  in  hand. 


DOMESTIC  SCIENCE 

By  A.  Grace  Johnson 


ONE-ROOM  SCHOOL 

The  suggested  equipment  for  Domestic  Science  in  the 
one-room  school  is  designed  to  meet  the  ever  present  need 
of  the  hot  school  luncheon.  In  order  to  meet  this  need,  it 
has  been  necessary  to  make  the  room  used  for  a lunch  room 
serve  a dual  purpose.  While  this  is  not  entirely  satisfactory, 
a study  of  the  plan  will  show  that  the  problem  of  ventilation 
has  been  carefully  considered. 

The  cupboard  is  to  serve  as  a place  of  storage  for  all 
of  the  larger  utensils  needed  in  the  preparation  and  serving 
of  school  luncheons.  The  counter  should  have  several 
drawers,  to  be  opened  toward  the  inside.  These  will  be 
needed  for  storage  of  all  of  the  smaller  utensils.  This 
counter  should  have  a shelf  built  in  about  midway  of  the 
legs;  this  shelf  to  serve  as  a place  where  the  children  may 
store  the  lunch  box  or  pail  brought  from  home. 

The  use  of  a small  kerosene  stove  for  the  cooking  of 
foods  will  be  more  desirable  than  using  the  schoolroom 
heater,  and  will  save  the  expense  of  another  flue,  which 
would  be  necessary  if  a wood  stove  were  used. 

EXTENSION  OF  ONE-ROOM  SCHOOL 

Since  the  space  in  this  plan  is  practically  double  that 
used  in  the  foregoing  plan,  it  is  possible  to  use  this  extra 
space  for  the  arrangement  of  tables  where  the  younger 
children  may  sit  to  eat  their  luncheon.  These  tables  might 


be  the  portable  type,  made  from  boards  on  horses,  if  the 
space  could  be  profitably  used  for  other  purposes  at  other 
times.  Stools  should  be  provided  so  that  the  children  will 
be  comfortable  during  the  lunch  period. 

TWO-ROOM  SCHOOL 

The  two-room  schoolhouse  which  has  a basement 
furnishes  enough  space  to  make  more  work  in  Domestic 
Science  possible.  The  equipment  in  this  plan  is  designed 
to  not  only  provide  for  the  school  luncheon,  both  as  to 
preparation  and  service,  but  also  make  it  possible  for  the 
older  pupils  to  have  some  practice  in  other  problems.  No 
effort  has  been  made  to  provide  a laboratory,  but  instead 
the  idea  has  been  to  make  this  equipment  suited  to  the 
study  of  problems  such  as  we  would  meet  in  the  home. 
The  lunch  room  has  a shelf  built  at  one  side  where  lunch 
boxes  may  be  stored.  This  is  near  the  entrance  so  that 
the  child  may  get  the  lunch  in  passing,  select  his  place  at 
the  lunch  table,  and  then  go  on  to  the  pass  counter  for  his 
hot  dish  and  return  to  his  place  without  making  any  extra 
steps  or  becoming  confused  in  going  around  tables. 

Two  built-in  wash  tubs  and  an  ironing  board  are  an 
important  part  of  this  equipment.  Their  installation  is 
justified  by  the  fact  that  they  will  provide  means  of  caring 
for  all  linen  and  towels  used  in  connection  with  the  school 
luncheons.  They  may  also  be  used  in  the  teaching  of 
home  laundry  problems. 

Note  that  the  kitchen  stove  is  so  placed  that  the  fewest 
possible  steps  need  be  taken  to  secure  fuel.  Also  note  that 


Page  Five 


the  ironing  board  (which  fastens  to  the  wall  when  not  in 
use)  is  near  the  stove,  thus  saving  steps,  but  still  so  located 
as  to  get  plenty  of  fresh  air. 

The  space  below  the  pass  counter  is  used  for  bins  and 
cupboards  for  the  storage  of  food,  for  this  space  would  be 
free  from  outside  dampness.  All  small  equipment  may  be 
stored  in  drawers  built  under  the  remaining  counter  space. 
The  cupboard  near  the  sink,  which  is  built  down  to  the 
work  counter,  is  for  the  storage  of  heavier  cooking  equip- 
ment. The  other  cupboards  may  be  used  for  lighter  equip- 
ment and  also  for  the  dishes  used  in  serving.  The  dining 
room,  which  may  be  used  to  teach  family  service,  or  when 
parents  or  directors  are  entertained,  may  be  reached 
through  the  passage  way,  thus  avoiding  passing  through 
the  kitchen.  The  sideboard  is  intended  for  the  storage  of 
linen,  china  and  silver  used  in  table  service.  It  may  also 
answer  for  a serving  table.  It  should  be  placed  as  in  the 
plan,  in  order  to  be  convenient  to  the  kitchen  sink.  The 
pair  of  double  action  doors  will  make  confusion  less  liable 
when  more  than  one  person  is  serving. 

The  question  of  water  for  dish  washing  and  laundry 
purposes  can  be  solved  by  the  building  of  a cistern  with  a 
small  pump  at  the  sink. 

THREE-ROOM  SCHOOL 

Very  little  explanation  is  necessary  for  this  plan,  since 
it  is  practically  the  same  as  the  preceding  one,  only  slight 
alterations  being  made  to  adapt  it  to  a different  floor  space. 
Note  the  shelf  for  lunch  boxes  near  the  entrance  of  the 


Page  Hix 


lunch  room,  the  direction  of  the  lunch  tables  for  convenience 
in  passing,  the  location  of  the  stove  near  the  fuel,  and  the 
use  of  the  center  support  as  a place  to  fasten  the  ironing 
board. 

In  both  of  the  last  two  plans,  a portable  table  may  be  a 
valuable  addition  in  the  center  of  the  kitchen. 

Since  this  school  is  planned  especially  as  a social  center, 
the  equipment  may  be  made  rather  complete  to  answer 
school  purposes  and  to  serve  the  community  as  well. 


MANUAL  TRAINING 

By  Frank  H.  Shepherd 

In  response  to  the  ever-increasing  demand  for  industrial 
education  in  our  public  schools,  we  have  attempted  to  sug- 
gest an  arrangement  of  floor  space  so  that  woodwork, 
cabinet  work,  carpentry,  shop  drawing,  and  related  work 
may  be  provided  for  in  all  of  our  schools. 

The  arrangement  of  the  equipment,  benches,  cabinets, 
lockers,  recitation  seats,  etc.,  are  intended  to  be  suggestive. 
The  progressive  teacher  will  make  changes  to  suit  the 
demands  of  his  classes. 

The  suggested  equipment  has  been  placed  at  the  minimum 
for  efficiency  and  will  be  added  to  as  the  work  develops. 
Nothing  is  said  of  machinery,  saw  tables,  Spede  lathes,  band 
saw,  jointer,  etc.,  for  the  reason  that  the  suggestions  are 
for  manual  training  in  the  grades  and  high  schools.  Should 
the  course  be  extended  into  the  third  and  fourth  years  of 
the  high  school,  arrangements  should  be  made  for  prevoca- 


tional  and  vocational  work.  These  courses  will  require 
machines  and  machine  work  as  well  as  additional  teachers. 

The  benches,  as  indicated,  are  of  the  single  type  and 
should  each  be  supplied  with  a head  and  a tail  vice.  In 
case  there  are  too  many  pupils  they  may  be  provided  for  by 
increasing  the  number  of  single  benches  and  placing  them 
in  pairs,  back  to  back,  as  by  building  double  benches. 

The  following  lists  of  tools  are  suggestive  and  may  be 
added  to  as  the  work  develops.  The  tools  for  the  one-room 
school  will  cost  approximately  thirty  dollars.  This  list 
should  be  submitted  to  the  local  dealer  and  prices  obtained. 
The  estimated  price  for  the  tool  equipment  for  fifteen  pupils 
and  the  teacher  is  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  dollars. 
This  does  not  include  the  cost  of  benches,  cabinets,  etc. 

The  Oregon  Agricultural  College  will  furnish  blue  prints, 
specifications,  estimates,  etc.,  for  benches,  lockers,  and  cabi- 
nets for  any  school  that  may  desire  such  assistance.  In 
case  any  school  board  in  the  State  of  Oregon  desires  a per- 
sonal conference,  we  will  arrange  for  an  expert  to  visit  the 
district  and  assist  in  any  way  possible  in  installing  their 
work. 

EQUIPMENT  FOR  ONE-ROOM  SCHOOL 

One  Bailey  jack  plane,  14-in.,  2-in.  cutter;  one  mitre  try  square, 
7%-in.  blade;  one  steel  square;  one  back  saw  (Diston),  14-in.;  one 
hand  saw,  rip  (Diston),  22-in.,  8-pt.;  one  hand  saw,  cross-cut  (Diston), 
20-in.,  10-pt.;  one  marking  guage;  one  bench  knife,  1%-in.  blade; 
one  claw  hammer,  bell  face,  13-oz.;  one  ratchet  brace,  10-in.  sweep; 


Irwin  auger  bits  (size  in  16ths,  3-5-8-16,  one  each;  three  screw  driver 
bits;  one  nail  set;  one  scratch  awl;  one  Yankee  drill;  one  screw 
driver,  4-in.;  one  wing  dividers,  6-in.;  one  oil  stone,  Lily  White 
Washita;  one  cabinet  scraper,  3x5-in.;  four  wood  hand  screws,  11-in. 
open;  four  iron  hand  screws  (carriage  makers),  8-in.  open;  four  sets 
wood  bar  clamps.  Irons  only;  one  bench  rule,  2-ft.,  no  fold,  brass  tip; 
one  counter  sink;  one  oil  can;  one  socket  firmer  chisel,  %-in;  one 
socket  firmer  chisel,  %-in.;  one  socket  firmer  chisel,  %-in.;  one  block 
plane,  Stanley. 

EQUIPMENT  FOR  FIFTEEN  PUPILS  AND  TEACHER 
INDIVIDUAL  TOOLS 

Sixteen  jack  planes,  14-in.,  2-in.  cutter;  sixteen  try  squares,  6-in.; 
sixteen  bench  rules,  2-ft.,  no  fold;  sixteen  bench  knives,  1%-in.  blade; 
sixteen  firmer  chisels,  beveled  edges,  %-in.;  sixteen  firmer  chisels, 
beveled  edges,  %-in.;  sixteen  Bishop  back  saws,  10-in.,  No.  8;  sixteen 
marking  gauges;  sixteen  bench  brushes. 

GENERAL  TOOLS 

^ Two  Diston  rip  saws,  24-in.,  7-pt. ; two  Diston  cross-cut  saws, 
22-in.,  10-pt.;  two  Diston  cross-cut  saws,  26-in.,  8-pt.;  one  set  firmer 
chisels  in  box;  one  rachet  brace,  10-in.  sweep;  two  plain  braces, 
10-in.  sweep;  one  set  auger  bits,  Irwin;  six  wood  hand  screws,  11-in. 
open;^  six  wood  hand  screws,  6-in.  open;  eight  iron  hand  screws 
(carriage  maker’s  clamps),  8-in.  open;  four  sets  irons  for  wood  bar 
clamps;  two  India  oil  stones;  two  oil  cans;  four  screw  driver  bits  for 
braces ; three  nail  sets ; two  counter  sinks ; four  cabinet  scrapers, 
3x5-in.;  one  Yankee  automatic  drill;  one  ball-bearing  grindstone, 
20-in.,  D.  2-in.  thick;  one  compass  saw,  14-in.;  one  draw  knife;  eight 
block  planes;  three  spoke  shaves;  two  jointer  planers,  24-in.;  six  ham- 
mers, Maydole,  13-oz.;  two  wing  dividers,  7-in.;  two  coping  saws, 
Atkins,  No.  50,  and  one  dozen  blades;  three  steel  squares;  one  hand  ax 
or  bench  hatchet;  one  monkey  wrench;  one  pair  pliers,  7-in.;  two 
bevel  squares. 


Page  Seven 


SPECIFICATIONS 

By  W.  C.  Knighton,  Architect,  Portland,  Oregon. 

For  labor,  material  and  mechanical  workmanship  used 

and  employed  in  the  erection  and  completion  of  a - 

room  frame  school  building.  To  be  built  for , 

“ ' » , constituting  the  Board  of 

School  Directors  for  District  No.  — , acting  for  and  on 
behalf  of  said  district. 

Building  will  be  erected  upon  property  located 

- > city  of  , Oregon,  and  to  be  construed 

conformable  with  the  various  drawings  and  writings  pre- 
pared by Architect, Oregon. 

SPECIFICATION  REMARKS 
The  following  preliminaries  are  suggested  for  use  with 
the  elimination  of  such  paragraphs  as  the  judgment  of  the 
building  committee  or  architect  may  consider  superfluous 
for  the  size  of  building  to  be  erected.  Owing  to  the  char- 
acter  of  the  soil,  contour  of  the  building  site  and  the  probable 
additional  expenses  to  secure  the  same  building  materials 
in  all  parts  of  the  State,  it  is  deemed  advisable  not  to  present 
complete  specifications  of  materials  to  be  used  for  any  one 
of  the  designs  submitted,  but  to  present  a general  suggestion 
of  materials  for  the  building  committee  and  architect  to 
decide  what  is  best  adapted  for  use  in  their  community. 

SPECIFICATIONS 

Form  of  Proposal  and  Signature — Proposals  must  be 
made  on  the  blank  form  hereto  attached,  enclosed  in  sealed 
envelope  marked  “Proposal,”  with  title  of  building  as  given 


Page  Eight 


above  and  addressed  to  , Clerk  School  District 

No.  , stating  m writing  and  figures  (without  interlinea- 
tion, alteration  or  erasure),  the  sum  of  money  for  which 
the  bidder  proposes  to  supply  the  materials  and  perform 
the  work  required  by  the  drawings  and  this  specification, 
and  the  time  within  which  he  proposes  to  complete  the  work' 
The  proposals  must  be  signed  with  the  name  and  address 
of  the  bidder;  if  a copartnership  name,  by  a member  of  the 
firm,  with  the  names  and  addresses  in  full  of  each  member- 
and  if  a corporation,  by  an  officer  in  the  corporate  name' 
with  the  corporate  seal  attached  to  such  signature.  Pro- 
posals received  after  the  time  advertised  for  the  opening 
will  be  returned  unopened.  Bidders  are  required  to  return 
drawings  and  specifications  without  marks  or  other  mutila- 
tions thereon. 

Certified  Check — Each  bidder  must  submit  with  his 

proposal  a certified  check  in  the  sum  of  $ drawn 

to  the  order  of ^ , Clerk  of  School  District'No.  — , 

and  the  proceeds  of  said  check  shall  become  the  property  of 
the  said  district.  If  for  any  reason  whatever,  the  bidder, 
after  the  opening  of  the  bids,  withdraws  from  the  competi- 
tion or  refuses  to  execute  the  contract  and  bond  required  in 
the  event  of  said  contract  being  awarded  to  him,  and  the 
checks  submitted  by  the  unsuccessful  bidders  will  be 
returned  after  the  opening  of  the  bids,  with  the  exception 
of  the  next  lowest.  This  will  be  returned  after  the  approval 
of  the  contract  and  bond  executed  by  the  successful  bidder. 

Bond  and  Guarantee— The  contractor  shall  furnish  a 
Surety  Company  Bond  in  amount  fifty  per  cent  of  the 
contract  with  the  additional  obligation  that  such  contractor 


will  make  prompt  payment  to  all  persons  furnishing  him 
labor  or  materials  used  in  the  construction  of  the  work. 

Payments — Payments  will  be  made  at  the  rate  of  eighty 
per  cent  of  the  amount  of  labor  performed  and  materials 
furnished.  The  remaining  twenty  per  cent  will  be  paid 
thirty-five  days  after  the  building  is  completed  and  accepted, 

with  the  exception  of  the  sum  of  $ , which  will  be 

retained  thirty  days  longer  to  cover  any  errors  or  defects 
that  may  develop  in  the  contractor’s  work  and  will  need 
repairs  or  replacing. 

Architect  and  Superintendent  of  Construction — The 
architect  and  his  superintendent  shall  have  free  access  to 
all  parts  of  the  work  during  construction.  The  work  shall 
be  executed  under  his  direction  and  to  his  entire  satisfaction. 
He  may,  by  written  notice,  require  the  contractor  to  dismiss 
such  foreman  or  workman  as  he  may  deem  abusive,  careless 
or  incompetent.  He  may  also  require  the  contractor  to 
remove  from  the  premises  such  materials  or  workmanship 
as  do  not  conform  to  the  terms  of  the  specifications. 

The  Contractor — The  general  contractor  shall  have 
charge  of  the  premises  during  the  construction.  He  shall 
provide  all  necessary  guards,  fences,  lights,  etc.,  for  the 
safety  of  the  public,  and  maintain  same  during  the  continu- 
ance of  the  work.  He  shall  keep  the  abutting  streets,  side- 
walks and  other  thoroughfares  open  for  traffic  and  abide 
by  all  building  laws. 

When  improper  material  or  workmanship  has  been 
ordered  removed  by  the  architect  or  his  superintendent,  the 
contractor  will  substitute  without  delay,  satisfactory  mate- 


rial and  workmanship  and  make  good,  at  his  own  expense, 
any  work  disturbed  by  such  change.  He  is  to  give  his 
personal  attention  to  the  work.  He  shall  appoint  a com- 
petent foreman  with  full  authority  to  act  in  his  stead  in 
all  matters  relating  to  the  work;  said  foreman  to  be  con- 
stantly on  the  work  during  regular  working  hours. 

The  contractor  shall  cover  and  protect  his  work  from 
injury  by  frost,  rain  or  other  causes;  shall  repair  any  such 
injury;  shall  make  good  any  defects,  omissions  or  mistakes 
in  the  work  within  the  time  required  in  the  contract,  and 
in  any  notice  so  to  do,  signed  by  the  architect  or  his 
superintendent,  and  given  to  the  contractor  or  mailed  to 
him  at  his  business  address  stated  in  his  proposal.  The 
contractor  will  use  diligence  in  preventing  injury  to  the 
work  of  other  contractors.  He  is  to  work  in  harmony  with 
them  and  as  far  as  consistent  to  their  advantage.  Each 
contractor  shall  be  held  responsible  for  damage  to  the  work 
of  others  due  to  the  carelessness  or  negligence  of  himself 
or  workman  in  his  employ. 

The  contractor  agrees  that  he  will  comply  with  the 
provisions  of  the  Labor  Law  and  also  Chapter  3 of  Laws 
of  Oregon  for  the  year  1911,  and  any  other  law  enacted 
since. 

He  further  agrees  that  no  laborer,  workman  or  mechanic 
in  the  employ  of  the  contractor,  subcontractor,  or  any  other 
person  doing  or  contracting  to  do  the  whole  or  part  of  the 
work  contemplated  by  the  contract,  shall  be  permitted  or  be 
required  to  work  more  than  eight  (8)  hours  in  any  one 
calendar  day,  except  in  cases  of  extraordinary  emergencies 
caused  by  fire,  flood,  or  danger  to  life  or  property.  The 


Page  Nine 


contractor  shall,  as  far  as  possible,  in  the  performance  of 
this  contract,  give  preference  to  local  labor. 

Damage  to  Persons  or  Property — The  contractor  hereby 
assumes  all  liability  for  the  death  of  or  personal  injuries 
sustained  by  the  workman  in  his  employ  and  shall  elect  to 
abide  by  the  provisions  of  Chapter  112,  Laws  of  1913,  as 
amended  by  Chapter  271,  Laws  of  1915,  known  as  the 
Workman’s  Compensation  Act.  The  contractor  also  assumes 
all  liabilities  for  personal  injury  or  property  damages  sus- 
tained by  the  public,  or  any  member  thereof,  due  to  the 
failure  of  the  said  contractor  to  provide  proper  safeguards 
about  the  works  during  the  time  of  construction,  or  through 
defective  apparatus,  material  or  workm.anship,  or  through 
the  carelessness  of  himself  or  his  employes,  and  shall  take 
out  at  his  own  expense,  a polciy  in  some  established  liability 
insurance  company  to  cover  such  public  liability. 

Subcontractors — The  contractor  shall  not  assign  or  sub- 
let the  work  or  any  part  thereof  to  other  contractors  or 
workmen,  unless  with  the  consent  of  the  architect  in  writing. 

Drawings — The  architect  shall  furnish  the  contractor 
with  two  sets  of  drawings  and  specifications  and  one  set 
of  detailed  drawings.  All  drawings,  specifications  and 
details  are  the  property  of  the  architect  and  are  to  be  care- 
fully used  and  returned  to  the  architect’s  office  before  the 
final  payment  will  be  made  on  this  contract.  He  shall  be 
held  pecuniarily  responsible  for  loss  or  damages  to  the 
specifications  while  in  his  possession.  Drawings  are  to  be 
kept  constantly  at  the  building  for  reference.  The  draw- 
ings, writings,  interlineations,  figures  and  details  are  to 
be  considered  a part  of,  and  as  illustrating  these  specifica- 


I’agc Ten 


tions.  The  contractor  shall  follow  figured  dimensions  in 
preference  to  scale  measurements  in  all  plans  and  drawings. 
Large  detailed  drawings  are  to  take  precedence  of  scale 
drawings. 

Modifications — The  contractor,  or  his  representative, 
shall  make  no  alterations  or  corrections  in  the  drawings  or 
specifications.  Should  there  by  any  discrepancy  in  the 
drawings,  specifications  or  details,  or  should  any  question 
arise  as  to  the  true  intent  and  meaning  in  any  particular 
in  said  drawings  and  specifications,  the  matter  in  question 
shall  be  referred  to  the  architect  for  correction  or  inter- 
pretation. His  decision  thereon  shall  be  final  and  binding. 
Should  it  appear  that  the  work  intended  to  be  done,  or  any 
matter  relating  thereto,  is  not  sufficiently  explained  in 
said  drawings  or  in  said  specifications,  the  contractor  shall 
apply  to  the  architect  for  such  further  drawings  or  specifi- 
cations as  may  be  necessary,  and  shall  conform  to  the  same 
as  if  a part  of  the  original  work. 

Material  and  Labor — The  contractor  shall  provide  all 
material  and  labor,  apparatus,  utensils,  scaffolding,  water, 
etc.,  necessary  to  the  complete  and  substantial  execution 
of  everything  shown,  described,  or  reasonably  implied  in 
the  drawings  and  specifications.  The  entire  work  to  be 
executed  in  the  most  substantial  and  workmanlike  manner 
according  to  the  true  intent  and  meaning  of  the  plans  and 
specifications  which  are  intended  to  include  everything 
necessary  to  the  proper  finishing  of  the  work.  At  the  com- 
pletion of  the  work,  the  contractor  shall  remove  all  waste 
materials  from  the  premises  and  deliver  the  work  in  a 
whole  and  undamaged  condition  without  exception. 


Changes  and  Extra  Work — The  owner  reserves  the  right 
under  this  contract  to  make  changes  from  time  to  time 
during  the  progress  of  the  work,  provided  no  changes  shall 
be  made  without  a written  order  from  the  architect  and 
countersigned  by  the  owner,  setting  forth  the  nature  of  the 
work  performed  or  omitted  and  the  materials  furnished  or 
omitted,  together  with  the  amount  allowed  or  deducted 
therefor.  Provided,  that  no  bills  or  accounts  shall  be 
allowed  or  paid  for  alleged  extra  work  by  the  owner  unless 
the  material  furnished  or  labor  performed  on  which  such 
claims  based  has  been  ordered  by  the  owner  in  writing 
prior  to  the  performance  of  such  labor  or  delivery  of  such 
material  with  the  amount  allowed  or  deducted  for  such 
extra  work  or  deduction  endorsed  in  such  order. 

Temporary  Enclosures — If  directed  to  do  so,  enclose  all 
doors  and  window  openings  with  shiplap,  with  doors  hinged 
so  that  building  can  be  closed  up. 

Term  Contractor — Terms  “contractor"  or  “owner"  above 
employed  are  to  be  construed  in  their  meaning  in  which 
either  of  them  may  be  one  or  more  individuals,  male  or 
female,  or  even  a corporation. 

Award — The  owner  reserves  the  right  to  accept  or 
reject  any  or  all  proposals  presented. 

GENERAL  CONSTRUCTION  SUGGESTIONS 

Surveying — It  is  considered  advisable  in  all  cases  to  have 
a survey  made  of  the  contour  of  the  ground  so  that  estab- 
lished ground  and  grade  lines  may  be  shown  upon  the 
drawings. 


Excavations — To  be  determined  by  the  size  of  the  build- 
ing and  contour  of  the  ground.  The  question  of  grading 
and  filling,  or  removing  the  dirt  from  the  premises,  to  be 
considered  by  the  building  committee. 

Drain  Tile — If  the  location  of  building  and  the  depth  of 
foundation  require  the  use  of  field  drain  tile,  it  is  suggested 
that  when  put  in  place  it  be  covered  with  two  inches  of 
straw  and  followed  by  the  placing  of  loose  gravel  to  within 
eight  inches  of  the  top  of  ground.  Tile  to  be  graded  to  a 
desirable  distributing  point. 

Concrete  and  Brick  Work — If  it  is  found  desirable  to 
use  concrete  for  foundation  work,  it  is  suggested  that  same 
be  mixed  in  a proportion  of  one  part  cement,  three  parts 
clean,  sharp  sand,  and  five  parts  clean  gravel  or  crushed 
rock  that  will  pass  through  a two-inch  ring.  If  the  outside 
walls  are  to  be  plastered,  use  one  part  cement  to  two  parts 
clean,  sharp  sand,  and  apply  to  a thickness  of  one-quarter 
inch,  having  the  surface  well  floated  down.  The  wooden 
forms  to  receive  the  concrete  work  are  to  be  substantially 
built,  to  be  well  braced  and  kept  plumb  and  true  at  all 
times. 

If  cement  floors  or  walks  are  to  be  installed,  use  a 
four-inch  bed  of  concrete  of  the  same  proportions  mentioned 
for  the  walls,  but  to  be  finished  with  a three-quarter  inch 
coat  of  cement  mixed  in  a proportion  of  one  part  cement 
to  two  parts  sand.  The  floor  finish  to  be  made  smooth  and 
graded  to  drains.  The  sidewalks  to  be  blocked  off  in  thirty- 
inch  squares  and  left  with  rough  finish. 

Cement — The  cement  used  to  be  strictly  fresh  and  a 
satisfactory  manufacturers'  test  to  be  presented  to  the  con- 


Page  Eleven 


tractor  by  the  selling  agent.  The  cement  is  to  be  stored  in 
a dry  and  well  ventilated  place. 

Brick  Work — If  it  is  found  desirable  to  use  brick  for 
foundation  work,  they  should  be  of  a good,  hard-burned 
quality,  laid  in  good  lime  mortar  having  cement  to  six  parts 
mortar,  and  to  be  laid  in  the  usual  manner.  The  question 
of  cementing  the  outside  walls  to  be  given  consideration. 
The  flue  is  to  be  plastered  for  the  full  heighth  of  same,  and 
on  the  outside  from  the  foundation  to  the  rafter  line.  The 
use  of  terra  cotta  flue  lining  should  be  given  consideration. 

For  construction  purposes  a more  detailed  specification 
covering  the  above  work  is  necessary. 

Lathing  and  Plastering — If  it  is  found  desirable  to 
plaster  the  interior  of  the  building,  will  suggest  the  use  of 
some  standard  brand  or  patent  plaster  to  be  applied  three- 
quarter  inch  in  thickness,  having  a white  finish  coat.  The 
lath  should  be  three-eighths  by  one  and  one-half  inches 
sound  fir  and  to  have  joints  broken  every  seventh  course. 

Carpenter  Work — No.  1 Common  Grade  Oregon  fir 
should  be  used  for  all  framing  lumber  required,  and  selected 
common  grade  fir  for  all  structural  posts  and  girders.  If 
rustic  is  used  for  enclosing  the  building,  it  should  be  No.  1 
grade  VG  fir.  Flooring  should  also  be  the  same  grade  of 
material.  If  shingles  are  used  on  the  walls  of  the  building, 
will  suggest  that  a good  grade  of  water-proof  building  paper 
be  placed  between  the  wall  sheathing  and  shingles  and  that 
the  shingles  be  clear  grade,  having  five  butts  to  two  inches, 
and  that  the  same  be  secured  with  galvanized  shingle  nails. 
The  roof  shingles  to  be  of  same  quality  and  laid  not  to 
exceed  four  and  one-half  inches  to  the  weather. 


Pagn  Twrlve 


If  it  is  desired  to  ceil  the  interior  walls  and  ceiling  of 
rooms,  will  suggest  the  use  of  No.  2 grade  and  better 
eleven-sixteenths  by  three  and  one-quarters  inches  V jointed 
fir  material,  having  the  wall  surfaces  laid  vertically  and 
of  full  length  material  from  the  chalk  shelf  to  the  ceiling. 
This  material  may  be  used  as  received  from  the  mill,  or 
at  a slight  additional  expense,  can  be  mill  sand-papered. 

The  building  committee  should  give  consideration  to  the 
character  and  operation  of  window  sashes,  the  character 
of  doors  desired  and  the  general  materials  for  interior  and 
exterior  work,  the  character  of  chalk  shelves  and  blackboard 
material,  the  finishing  hardware  and  all  minor  items  neces- 
sary to  make  the  building  complete. 

Painting  Materials — The  very  best  of  white  lead  and 
boiled  linseed  oil  and  colors  ground  in  oil  should  be  used 
for  all  painted  work.  The  question  of  the  use  of  shingle 
stain  or  lead  and  oil  paint  for  the  roof  or  wall  shingles 
should  be  given  consideration  by  the  building  committee. 

Metal  work  should  first  have  one  coat  of  red  lead  and 
oil  or  princess  metallic  paint. 

Heating — The  size  of  building  will  determine  the  char- 
acter of  heating  installation.  If  stoves  are  used,  it  is 
recommended  that  the  surrounding  woodwork  be  protected 
by  asbestos  pad  fully  three-quarters  of  an  inch  in  thickness 
and  that  careful  attention  be  given  to  the  size  of  the  brick 
flue  opening,  also  to  see  that  the  brick  work  does  not  come 
in  contact  with  the  wood  framing  by  at  least  two  inches. 

If  a heating  and  ventilating  system  is  u.sed,  consideration 
must  be  given  to  the  many  requirements  in  connection  with 
the  use  of  same. 


Plumbing — The  size  and  location  of 
the  building  would  determine  the  char- 
acter of  sewerage  disposal.  Considera- 
tion should  be  given  the  use  of  a septic 
tank,  cistern  or  connections  to  sewer. 

Lighting — If  electric  current  is 
obtainable,  this  method  of  lighting  is 
preferable.  Careful  attention  must  be 
given  to  the  wiring  installation  of  the 
building  and  the  fixtures  to  be  used. 

It  is  recommended  that  the  form  of 
contract  adopted  and  recommended  for 
general  use  by  the  American  Institute 
of  Architects  and  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Builders  be  used.  This  is  referred 
to  as  “The  Uniform  Contract.”  The 
blank  form  may  be  secured  from  your 
local  book  dealer  or  from  the  J.  K.  Gill 
Company,  Third  and  Alder  Streets, 
Portland,  Oregon. 


JV  A LK 

AR30 

0 

6 X.  A 3 ^ 

f>l.OT  O A £> 

PLAN  FOR  RURAL 

SCHOOL  GROUNDS. 

Page  Thirteen 


Pnoe  Fourteen 


iaa-9‘ 


4^  4^  ^ 


^ ^ 


GROUP  A-THREE.  PLAN  FOR  RURAL  SCHOOL  GROUNDS. 


Page  Fifteen 


Yfc3TlI>UI 


Page  Sixteen 


GROUP  A-FIVB.  FLOOR  PLAN 


9 


Pngf:  Eighteen 


V£::>TJ3ULE 

• # 

GROUP  A-SEVEN.  FLOOR  PLAN. 


Page  Nineteen 


c ' 


Pfipp  Twenty 


GROUP  A-EIGHT.  TWO-ROOM  RURAL  SCHOOL,  ESTIMATED  COST  ?1800  -?2000. 


X 

0 

H 

1 

O 

OJ 

o 


GROUP  A-NINE.  TWO-ROOM  RURAL  SCHOOL,  ESTIMATED  COST  ?2600-$2800. 


Page  Twenty-one 


GROUP  A-NINE.  FLOOR  PLAN. 


JfWfSff« 

====^-__'  ' ''■“'‘‘'-■''■•■■XC'."'''"  "' 


GROUP  A-TEN.  TWO-ROOM  RURAL  SCHOOL,  ESTIMATED  COST  $1800- $2000. 


I’no^  Tv;rnt;/-two 


Page  Twenty-three 


GROUP  A-ELEVEN.  FOUR-ROOM  RURAL  SCHOOL,  ESTIMATED  COST  ?4000-$4500. 


Page  TwrnI  y-four 


e>2-ACf<  BOARD 


DcriooLnoon 

23' XJZ' 


aL^CKSOAltD »■ 


. AC/taOAAO 


SCHOOL  HOOM 

332'  X 23>' 


GROUP  A-ELEVEN.  FLOOR  PLAN. 


Page  Twenty-five 


1‘ngn  Tvocnty-aix 


Page  Twenty-seven 


GROUP  A-THIRTEEN.  FOUR-ROOM  RURAL  SCHOOL.  BUILDING  IS  CHANGED  FROM  A TWO-ROOM  SCHOOL  BY  THE  ADDITION  OF  THE 
WINGS  "A"  AND  "B”  AND  THECLOAKROOMS  "C.”  ESTIMATED  COST  OF  FOUR-ROOM  BUILDING  $4500.  SEE  FLOOR  PLAN. 


rage  Twenty-rAght 


CdAts 

Co^T& 

^UJrtCH 

|Ox  1^* 

4 t— » f 

IPX  if 

. 

■ aAH 

2.3x34’ 

'A 

. 

— 

C0^T$ 

(^TS- 

CLUflCH 

|0x.i6‘ 

CiASS  MOM 

' 15  " 

L 

> - 

GROtJP  A-THIRTEEN.  FLOOR  PLAK.  FOUR-ROOM  SCHOOL  BUILDING  CHANGED  FROM  A TWO-ROOM  SCHOOL  BY  THE  ADDITION  OF 
WINGS  “A”  AND  “B”  AND  THE  CLOAKROOMS  “C.”  ESTIMATED  COST  OF  FOUR-ROOM  BUILDING  ?4500. 


Page  Twenty-nine 


GROUP  B-ONE.  ESTIMATED  COST  ? 1 600-$  1800. 


Page  Thirty 


ONE.  BOOM  3 C H OOLH  OU-3E1 


5"  P « e T 

GROUP  B-ONE. 


Page  Thirty-one 


P LAM 

OME.  P,0  0M  5'cHOOU  H0U3L 
WITH  E.XTLM5IOn 

GROUP  B-TWO.  ESTIMATED  COST  $2000. 


I'agK  Thirty-two 


BASEMENT 


Page  Thirty-three 


GROUP  B-THREE. 
ESTIMATED  COST  $2,600. 


Pngr  Thirty-four 


GROUP  B-FOUR. 


Page  Thirty-five 


THRE.E.  ROOM  ATTIC  FLOOR  PLAM 

aCHOOL  HOU^EL  „ TT.T 

Ha  fia 

GROUP  B-FOUR. 


I’apr  Thirty-aix 


FLOOH  PLAN 

y FCtT 

GROUP  B-FIVE.  ESTIMATED  COST  OF  ENTIRE  BUILDING  $2000. 


Page  Thirty-seven 


TO 


‘M  — f .OJ 


FOUriDATIOM  PLAN 

* PICT 

GROUP  B-FIVE. 


Pagf:  Thirty-night 


■ez'c 


Rl>l 


F R.  0 N T FLEVAT  I 0 tl 

3 HtT 

GROUP  B-FIVE. 


Page  Thirty-nine 


mEzaMH 


HALF  ^ECTIOM 


EL  N D EL  EVATI  0 M 


GROUP  B-FIVE. 


I'ngK  Forty 


IS  I n C.  H L } 

GROUP  B-FIVE. 


Page  Forty-one 


GROUP  C-ONE.  ESTIMATED  COST  $1200-?1500. 


I'ngr.  Forty-two 


GROUP  C-ONE. 


Page  Forty-three 


A lUILAL  SCHOOL  HOUSE 


GROUP  C-TWO.  ESTIMATED  COST  $1200-$1600. 


I'ligr  Fort}i-fr>ur 


GROUP  C-TWO 


Page  Forty-five 


"B  ■ 


